श्लोक:
अर्थागमो नित्यमरोगिता च प्रिया च भार्या प्रियवादिनी च।
वश्यश्च पुत्रोऽर्थकरी च विद्या षड्जीवलोकस्य सुखानि राजन्॥ - विदुरनीति
Word-by-Word Meaning:
1. अर्थागमः (arthāgamaḥ) - Acquisition of wealth
2. नित्यम् (nityam) - Always
3. अरोगिता (arogitā) - Good health, absence of disease
4. च (ca) - And
5. प्रिया (priyā) - Loving
6. च (ca) - And
7. भार्या (bhāryā) - Wife
8. प्रियवादिनी (priyavādinī) - One who speaks pleasantly
9. च (ca) - And
10. वश्यः (vaśyaḥ) - Obedient
11. च (ca) - And
12. पुत्रः (putraḥ) - Son
13. अर्थकरी (arthakarī) - One who earns wealth
14. च (ca) - And
15. विद्या (vidyā) - Knowledge or education
16. षट् (ṣaṭ) - Six
17. जीवलोकस्य (jīvalokasya) - Of the world of living beings
18. सुखानि (sukhāni) - Sources of happiness
19. राजन् (rājan) - O king
English Meaning:
O King, the six sources of happiness in this world are:
1. Acquisition of wealth.
2. Good health.
3. A loving wife.
4. A wife who speaks pleasantly.
5. An obedient son.
6. Wealth-earning knowledge.
Kannada Meaning:
ಓ ರಾಜನೇ, ಈ ಜೀವಲೋಕದಲ್ಲಿ ಆರು ರೀತಿಯ ಸುಖಗಳು ಇವೆ:
1. ಧನ ಸಂಪಾದನೆ,
2. ಉತ್ತಮ ಆರೋಗ್ಯ,
3. ಪ್ರೀತಿಯ ಹೆಂಡತಿ,
4. ಮಧುರವಾಗಿ ಮಾತನಾಡುವ ಹೆಂಡತಿ,
5. ವಿಧೇಯ ಪುತ್ರ,
6. ಧನ ಸಂಪಾದನೆ ಮಾಡಬಲ್ಲ ವಿದ್ಯೆ/ಜ್ಞಾನ.
Hindi Meaning:
ओ राजन, इस जीवन में छह प्रकार के सुख हैं:
1. धन की प्राप्ति,
2. उत्तम स्वास्थ्य,
3. प्रिय पत्नी,
4. मधुर बोलने वाली पत्नी,
5. आज्ञाकारी पुत्र,
6. धन अर्जित करने योग्य शिक्षा/ज्ञान।
Discussion:
The shloka provided by Vidura to King Dhritarashtra outlines six sources of happiness in this world. Let's discuss and conclude comprehensively on each of these sources:
1. Acquisition of Wealth: Wealth provides financial security, stability, and the means to fulfill material desires. It enables a comfortable life, access to resources, and the ability to support oneself and others. However, wealth alone does not guarantee happiness; it is the responsible use and balanced approach to wealth that contributes to well-being.
2. Good Health: Good health is fundamental to happiness as it allows one to enjoy life, pursue activities, and achieve personal goals. Physical and mental well-being are interconnected, and good health ensures a higher quality of life. It enables people to participate fully in family, social, and professional life.
3. A Loving Wife: A loving and caring wife provides emotional support, companionship, and a sense of security. A healthy relationship with a spouse contributes significantly to personal happiness and satisfaction. Mutual respect, understanding, and love in a marriage can bring joy and stability to a person's life.
4. A Wife Who Speaks Pleasantly: Effective communication is key in any relationship. A wife who speaks kindly and pleasantly fosters a harmonious and supportive environment at home. Positive communication helps in resolving conflicts, building trust, and nurturing emotional well-being within the family.
5. An Obedient Son: An obedient son who respects and follows the guidance of his parents can bring joy and pride to the family. The relationship between parents and children plays a crucial role in emotional support, passing down values, and ensuring the family legacy.
6. Wealth-Earning Knowledge: Knowledge or education that leads to the ability to earn wealth is invaluable. It empowers individuals to secure a livelihood, adapt to changes, and contribute positively to society. Continuous learning and skill development are essential for personal growth and financial stability.
Conclusion:
The shloka by Vidura highlights these six sources of happiness as essential components of a fulfilling life. Each element contributes differently to one's overall well-being, emphasizing the importance of a balanced approach to happiness. While each of these sources of happiness plays a significant role in a fulfilling life, true happiness lies in their balanced integration. Material success, emotional well-being, and harmonious relationships together contribute to a meaningful and happy life. Cultivating these sources with wisdom, empathy, and responsibility allows individuals to lead a life that is not only prosperous but also deeply satisfying and content. Thus, the shloka by Vidura serves as a timeless guide to understanding and achieving happiness in the complexities of human existence.
And also, it's important to note that the shloka refers to a loving wife who speaks pleasantly, emphasizing qualities that contribute to marital harmony rather than suggesting two separate wives. This understanding reinforces the importance of a single, loving partner in building a supportive and happy family life.
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